Gibson, Everett » Unit 5: Components of the Universe Overview

Unit 5: Components of the Universe Overview

Universe

space and everything that exists within it including all matter and energy

Galaxy

a collection of stars, gas, dust and other objects bound together by gravity

Star

a large body of gas which is held together by gravity and emits light and energy through nuclear fusion

Nebula

clouds of dust and gas; site of star formation; remains of dead or dying stars

Main Sequence Star

a stable star which is actively fusing hydrogen and is shown in a diagonal pattern within a H-R diagram

HR Diagram

a graph that shows the relationship between the brightness, surface temperature, and color of stars

Luminosity

total amount of light (energy) emitted by a star or other celestial body

Star

a large body of gas which is held together by gravity and emits light and energy through nuclear fusion

Main Sequence Star

a stable star which is actively fusing hydrogen and is shown in a diagonal pattern within a H-R diagram

Absolute Magnitude

a measure of how bright a star really is, if all stars were the same distance from Earth

Apparent Magnitude

a measure of how bright a star appears as seen from Earth

Spectroscope

a tool for analyzing light; used to determine the elements present in the light source

Spectra

different colors of light emitted based on the chemical composition of the light source

Electromagnetic Spectrum

a classification of all forms of radiation by wavelength and frequency; used to study components of the universe

Electromagnetic Wave

a wave of electricity and magnetism that travels at the speed of light

Wavelength

the distance between any point on a wave to the same point on the next cycle of the wave

Frequency

the number of times a wave passes a certain point in a given amount of time